來源：濟群法師?2025年07月20日

“無知”二字，一般人都理解為沒有知識。在今天這個信息時代，文化知識顯得尤其重要，正如通常所說的那樣：知識就是力量，知識就是財富。

For most people, ignorance is generally understood as a lack of knowledge. In the current information era, knowledge seems particularly important. As is often said, knowledge is power, and knowledge is wealth.?

在座的都是知識分子，對于世間知識想必不會陌生：學歷史的有歷史知識，學中文的有文學知識，學哲學的有哲學知識，學生物的有生物知識……掌握這些知識，可以賦予我們生存技能和相關(guān)素養(yǎng)，但對了解自我并沒有多少切實可行的幫助。換句話說，擁有知識并不等于擁有快樂，也并不等于能遠離痛苦。

Everyone here is an intellectual, and you are likely familiar with worldly knowledge. If you study history, you possess historical knowledge; if you study Chinese, you have literary knowledge; if you study philosophy, you have philosophical knowledge; if you study biology, you have biological knowledge. Having this knowledge can equip you with survival skills and relevant competencies, but it offers little practical help in understanding your true self. In other words, having knowledge does not equate to having happiness or being free from suffering.

那么，給生命帶來痛苦的無知究竟是什么呢？

So, what is the ignorance that brings suffering to life?

從佛法觀點來看，無知就是缺乏透視宇宙人生真相的智慧。對于和我們息息相關(guān)的生命，人類幾乎一無所知：我們不知道生從何來，死往何去？不知道生命的前因后果。

From the viewpoint of the Dharma, ignorance is a lack of wisdom to see the truth about the universe and life. Regarding life itself, which is ever so close to us, we know almost nothing. We do not know where we came from before birth and where we will go after death. We are unaware of the causes and effects of life.

對于自身的心靈世界，我們同樣感到陌生：我們沒能力把握心念，時而煩惱，時而歡樂，時而痛苦，時而狂喜……面對這些情緒的變化，我們作為當事者，常常茫然不知所措。

Similarly, we are unfamiliar with our inner world: we lack the ability to control our thoughts. We become overwhelmed by our various moods, such as affliction, joy, pain, and ecstasy now and then. Facing our emotional turmoil, we, as victims, often feel at a loss.

對于生存的世界，人類至今還缺乏足夠的了解：宇宙究竟如何形成？地球究竟何時毀滅？在我們認識的事物中，何為虛妄？何為真實？從個體生命，到生命所依存的宇宙，我們的認識極其有限。我們所看到、所了解的只是滄海一粟而已。

Meanwhile, we still lack the understanding of the world we live in. How exactly was the universe formed? When will the Earth be destroyed? Among all the things we know, what is illusion, and what is reality? From the individual life to the universe upon which life depends, what we know is extremely limited. What we see and understand in the universe is merely a drop in the ocean.

錯誤的觀念也是來自無知。由于我們?nèi)狈χ腔?，就無法對世界和人生形成正確認識，因而顛倒黑白，產(chǎn)生種種錯誤觀念。而觀念是指導行為的準則，有什么樣的觀念，就會有什么樣的人生。

Wrong views also arise from ignorance. Lacking wisdom, we cannot form the right views about the world and our lives, confusing right and wrong and producing many wrong views. As views guide our behaviors, our different views will shape different lives we lead.

對于不信因果的無神論者來說，往往會對不法行為心存僥幸，一旦果報成熟，痛苦在所難免。而對于享樂主義者來說，以為人生應(yīng)該及時行樂，只知奢侈浪費，盡情揮霍。不明白福報是有定限的，就像銀行存款一樣，支出多少就會減去多少。

For atheists who do not believe in the Law of Cause and Effect, they often take risks with illegal behaviors, hoping to escape the effect. However, once their karmic retribution comes to maturity, suffering is inevitable. As for hedonists, who believe in living for pleasure, they indulge in an extravagant or even wasteful lifestyle. They don’t understand that their blessings are limited, just like a bank account that diminishes with each withdrawal.

同樣的道理，我們這一生的福報來自前生的積累，享受一分就損失一分，如果只知揮霍，福報享盡，未來只有在窮困潦倒中度過。所以祖師教導我們：福不可以享受到盡頭。假如福報盡了，幸福和快樂的源泉也就枯竭了。

Similarly, the blessings we enjoy in this life come from the accumulation of past lives; enjoying a bit means losing a bit. If one only squanders these blessings, once the blessings are depleted, they will be stricken by poverty in the future. Therefore, the ancient masters instructed us that blessings should not be enjoyed to the fullest. If blessings are used up, the source of happiness and joy will dry up.

摘自《生命的痛苦及其解脫》

作者：濟群法師

Excerpted from:

Life’s Suffering and Its Liberation

By Master Jiqun